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Cables and wires are common materials in our lives. Most people can distinguish the difference between the two. However, some users cannot distinguish between the two materials. Today we introduce the difference between cables and wires below. Let's take a look at the difference between cables and wires ! The difference between cable and wire - cables 1. The cable's circuit composition is generally multiple or two units of multiple wires through the twisted system to form the same line as the cable, each set of conductors are insulators, according to a certain direction of the center winding Twist into one. In the wire surface has a very high insulation coverage, so that the internal power supply smooth, protect the external use of security, usually composed of core, insulation and protective layer three major components of the cable structure. 2. Cables are usually used in series of transmission and magnetic energy conversion. They can be divided into power cables, shielded cables, signal cables, marine cables, and aluminum alloy cables according to different functions. Widely used in the communications and power industries, it also has a certain role in the promotion of motor production. The large overhead lines are also completed using cables. 3. The cross-section of the cable is large, so it is convenient to transport and carry more energy. The fire-resistant cable can't perform normal power transmission in fire danger, and it also has a fire extinguishing device, which minimizes the danger and plays a certain protective role for the user. The conductor used is copper, and the access of the ground wire makes the use safer. As an uninsulated material, the cable is used for a long time, has good durability and is not easy to be aged. In production and manufacturing, all products are strictly in accordance with relevant industry standards to ensure safe use. The difference between cables and wires - wires 1. The composition of the wire is made of one or more wires with fine cores and soft texture. It has a good insulating protective layer on the surface of the wires. The cross-section is much smaller than the cable, but it is also composed of three parts: the core wire, the insulation layer and the outer protection layer. 2. Qualified wire production must be in strict accordance with industry-relevant standards and achieve a rated voltage of 220V before sales can be made to ensure the safety performance. In addition, the wires have low anti-aging properties, good weatherability, and are not easily corroded, making the wires more durable. The wires are mainly used for the transmission of electric current, and are used in the residential space to facilitate the normal use of various electrical appliances. Regarding the difference between cables and wires , I introduced it here for the time being. I hope to help you. After reading the above two detailed introductions, if you are aware of the fact, in fact, there is a big difference between wires and cables. If you want to learn more about the decoration, you can pay attention to this site information, more exciting content waiting for you.

The flame-retardant cable is a cable whose sample is burned under the specified test conditions. After the test fire source is removed, the flame spreads only within a limited range. The residual flame or residual light can self-extinguish within a limited time. The fundamental characteristic is that in the event of a fire, it may be burned out and cannot be operated, but it can prevent the spread of fire. In layman's terms, in the event of a fire, the wires can be limited to localized areas without any contagion, keeping other equipment in place and avoiding greater losses. A fire-resistant cable is a cable that can operate safely for a certain period of time in the presence of a flame. China's national standard GB12666.6 (such as IEC331) will be fire test A, B two levels: Class A flame temperature 950 ~ 1000 °C, continuous fire time 90 minutes; Class B flame temperature 750 ~ 800 °C, continuous fire time For 90 minutes, during the entire test period, the specimen shall withstand the rated voltage of the product. Most people can easily confuse the concepts of flame-retardant cables and fire-resistant cables . The main difference between them is: 1, the difference between principles The principle of fire-resistant cable and flame-retardant cable is different. Halogen-containing cable flame retardant principle is based on the flame retardant effect of halogen, halogen-free cable flame retardant principle is to extinguish the flame by precipitation of water to lower the temperature. Fire-resistant cables rely on the fire-resistant and heat-resistant properties of the mica material in the fire-resistant layer to ensure that the cable is working properly in the event of a fire. 2, the difference between structure and material The structure and material of the fire-resistant cable is different from that of the flame-retardant cable. The basic components of the fire-retardant cable are: (1) Flame retardant material for insulation (2) The flame retardant material is used for the sheath and outer sheath; (3) Flame retardant materials are used for wrapping and filling. The fire-resistant cable is usually an additional fire-resistant layer between the conductor and the insulation layer, so theoretically, a flame-retardant layer can be added to the structure of the flame-retardant cable to form a flame-retardant fork fire-resistant cable, but the actual There is no need for this. Because the fire-resistant cable's fireproof layer usually uses a multi-layer mica tape directly wrapped around the wire. It can withstand long-term combustion, even if the polymer at the flame is burned, it can ensure the normal operation of the line. Although flame-retardant cables have many advantages that are more suitable for chemical companies, such as low-halogen, low-smoke and flame-retardant, in general, fire-resistant cables can replace flame-retardant cables, and flame-retardant cables cannot replace fire-resistant cables. Fire-resistant cables are widely used in places such as high-rise buildings, underground railways, underground streets, large-scale power stations, and important industrial and mining enterprises in areas related to fire safety and fire-fighting, such as fire-fighting equipment and emergency lights, and emergency lines such as power lines and control lines.

The daily life is inseparable from the use of electricity. The quality of the wires is directly related to the safety of our electricity. Therefore, it is very important to purchase a good wire during the process of using electricity. There are many kinds of wires on the market, but the better ones are generally copper core structures. How to choose a wire that you need in many copper core wires? The following small series will introduce you briefly. How to choose copper wire . 1, look at the packaging See if there is a complete certificate in the package. The certificate should include complete information such as specifications, implementation scale, rated voltage, length, date, and factory name. Look at the "CCC" and production license number of China's national compulsory product certification; see if there is a quality system certification; see if the certificate is standardized; see if the trademark is printed on the wire, specifications, voltage, etc. 2, check the wire size Delineation in the relevant scales, the error of the length of the wire can not exceed 2%, and the diameter of the section should not exceed 0.02%. However, there are a large number of short-and-shrinking lengths in the market, and the phenomenon of falsification on the cross-section. 3, see the color of copper The copper core of the qualified copper core wire should be purple, shiny and soft to the touch. The fake copper core copper core is purple, yellow or white. 4, see insulation rubber The shoddy wire insulation layer looks very thick. In fact, it is mostly made of recycled plastic. As long as it is squeezed slightly, the extrusion will be white and powder will fall. 5, see the wire weight Good quality wires are generally within the defined weight range. For example, a commonly used plastic insulated single-strand copper core wire having a cross-sectional area of 1.5 mm 2 is 1.8 to 1.9 kg per 100 m. 6, see the size of the wire core A few cores generally refer to a cable. It refers to the presence of several insulated conductors inside the insulation sheath. Several of them are several cores. If there is no insulation between them, how many are counted as one core. Two cores refer to two insulated wires wrapped together, generally used in household electricity within 220V. There are two kinds of three cores, one is a two-phase three-wire system, one is a three-phase three-wire system, four cores are three-phase four-wire system, three fire wires, one neutral wire, and five cores are three-phase five-wire system.

Abstract : In view of the common phenomenon of wire breakage in high-speed thread cutting machine, six factors that can be used to break the electrode wire are analyzed in detail: the factors of the electrode wire, the factors of the wire feeding mechanism, the factors of the workpiece, the factors of the electrical parameters, and the factors of the working fluid. The use of factors, such as the operation, put forward a corresponding method of prevention, to improve the surface quality and accuracy of the workpiece, improve the processing efficiency of a certain reference. EDM wire-cutting machine tools are usually divided into two categories according to the operating speed of the electrodes: one is a high-speed wire-cut WEDM machine tool. The electrode wire of this machine tool is used for high-speed reciprocating motion. The general wire speed is 6-11m/s. Another type is low-speed wire-wound wire EDM machines. The electrode wire of such machine tools is used for low-speed unidirectional motion, and the general wire speed is lower than 0.2m/s. At this stage, high-speed WEDM wire-cutting machine tools are still the main models produced and used in China. Due to the high speed of wire cutting and the single wire bidirectional reciprocation, wire breakage is a common problem. This article makes a comprehensive analysis and research on the causes of high-speed wire breakage and proposes corresponding preventive and remedial measures. 1 Broken wire causes and prevention 1.1 Electrode wire factors (1) The material of the electrode wire. In the high-speed wire EDM process, the electrode wire is usually made of molybdenum wire, and it requires good conductivity and toughness. Because of the good conductivity, the resistance per unit length is small, otherwise, the energy consumed in the filament resistance is much, the energy supplied by the processing power supply to the gap is small, the energy consumed in the electrode wire is much, the wire electrode is hot, and the wire is easily broken; Poorly, it is also easy to break the wire in frequent hot and cold changes. In addition, the quality of the electrode wire should be ensured, such as small surface roughness and high dimensional accuracy. Otherwise, the electrode wire may be easily broken during processing. (2) The diameter of the electrode wire. The thickness of the electrode wire is an important factor affecting the broken wire. Usually, the thicker wire electrode is selected as far as possible under the condition of satisfying the processing requirements. If the diameter of the electrode wire is too small, the current is small and the incision is narrow, which is not conducive to chip removal and stable processing, and the possibility of wire breakage is high. In addition, the thicker electrode wire can increase the tension of the electrode wire, reduce the jitter of the electrode wire, and it is not easy to break the wire. Therefore, when the electrode wire is worn to a certain extent, it is necessary to replace the electrode wire in time to prevent the wire from being too thin and broken. 1.2 factors of wire feeding mechanism The wire breakage of the electrode wire caused by the wire feeding mechanism is mainly caused by the improper installation or wear of the guide wheel, the conductive block, the block wire block, and the like in the wire feeding mechanism, and the looseness of the wire electrode. (1) The guide wheel, conductive block, gear block and other components should be installed correctly, the clearance should be appropriate, the rotation should be flexible, the guide wheel must not allow large radial runout or axial turbulence, and the wire electrode must not be allowed to lap Or clamp wire, to reduce the electrode wire jitter, improve wire electrode movement accuracy, otherwise it will easily lead to broken wire electrode. In addition, the related parts and components must be cleaned frequently to eliminate the dirt. When the guide wheels and conductive parts wear to a certain degree, they must be replaced. (2) The looseness of the electrode wire can easily cause broken wires. The wire on the electrode wire and the tight wire are an important part of the wire cutting, which directly affects the tension of the electrode wire, is too loose, the tension of the electrode wire is too small, the shake is too large, and the wire breaks easily, and the workpiece quality and the cutting speed are affected; Wire tension is too high, it is also easy to break the wire. Therefore, the tightness of the electrode wire should be appropriate. When the hole or end face is processed, it is easy to break the wire at the initial discharge position. At this time, the tension force may be slightly smaller. After working for a period of time, the wire electrode is loosened. Make adjustments and allow tension to stabilize. 1.3 Workpiece Factors The high-speed wire-cut WEDM process has certain requirements on the workpiece material and dimensions. (1) Materials with good forging performance, good hardenability, small heat treatment distortion, and good surface quality are suitable for wire cutting. With interlayers and clips, or workpieces with rough cut surfaces, due to the non-conductive oxidation residues, bumps and bumps can lead to broken wires, burnt wire, or deep marks on the surface of the workpiece. In severe cases, the workpiece is scrapped. Therefore, before the on-line cutting process, the residue should be removed, the surface of the workpiece should be leveled with whetstone, and the appropriate electrical parameters should be selected so as not to break the wire. (2) The workpiece is too thin or the thin plate superimposed workpiece, easy to break the wire. The thin workpiece, the working fluid is easy to enter and fill the discharge gap. It is beneficial to chip removal and stable processing, but the electrode wire is prone to jitter, or due to misaligned deformation of the workpiece, resulting in wire clipping, resulting in broken wire. Therefore, if you want to cut the thin plate workpiece, you must use a thicker electrode wire or choose a reasonable electrical parameters, such as increasing the power pulse amplitude, increase the pulse width and other methods, so that the spark gap increases, thus preventing breakage. In addition, if the workpiece is too thick and the chip removal conditions are poor, it may easily lead to wire breakage. 1.4 Electrical Parameters In the high-speed wire EDM process, the reasonable choice of electrical parameters is very important. (1) When selecting, it is necessary to balance the processing speed, surface roughness and stability. In general, the parameters are strong and the processing speed is fast, but the surface roughness is large and it is also easy to break the filament. Therefore, in the selection of electrical parameters, must take into account the processing requirements of the workpiece, processing accuracy, roughness size and workpiece thickness and other factors to obtain satisfactory processing results. (2) The cutting preset feed speed adjustment has a great influence on the cutting speed, machining accuracy and surface quality. The preset feed speed is adjusted too quickly, exceeding the possible removal rate of the workpiece. Frequent short-circuits may occur. The cutting speed is slow and the surface roughness is also poor. The upper and lower cross-section cuts are yellow and may even break; otherwise The feed rate adjustment is too slow, greatly lagging behind the removal rate of the workpiece, the poles will be biased to open, sometimes open and sometimes short circuit, the surface is also coke light brown, the upper and lower ends of the workpiece are also burned. Therefore, the preset feed speed should be appropriate, that is, the workpiece removal speed is equal to the feed speed. In this way, the machining surface is fine and bright, the wire pattern is uniform, the surface roughness is good, and the precision is high. (3) Improper frequency conversion tracking adjustment is also an important cause of broken wire, because the tracking is too fast, it is easy to form a short circuit and the tension of the electrode wire is increased to cause broken wires. When the actual adjustment can be judged by the stability of the ammeter pointer, the more stable the pointer is, the better. If the pointer is not stable, try to make the pointer fluctuate in the 0-bit direction. 1.5 working fluid factors In high-speed wire EDM machining, the working fluid is a pulsed discharge medium and has a great influence on processing. The working fluid generally requires a certain degree of insulation performance, better washing performance, better cooling performance and no pollution to the environment, and no harm to the human body. The configuration of the working fluid is also very important. When it is too thick and too light, it will cause broken wires, and the water-liquid concentration ratio will be in the range of 1:10-1:20. When the cutting speed is required to be high or when the workpiece is cut with a large thickness, the concentration is appropriately lower, so that the processing is relatively stable and it is not easy to break the filament. However, the concentration of the working fluid should not be too low. Otherwise, the insulating performance of the working fluid will be reduced, the resistivity will be reduced, and the cooling capacity will be enhanced. This will reduce the lubricating effect on the workpiece, and it is not conducive to chip evacuation and easy wire breakage. In order to ensure that the working fluid channel is non-blocking, the size of the working fluid flow should also be properly controlled. Generally, when the cutting is completed, the workpiece will be sagged due to the hydraulic force of the working fluid in the cutting section, the cutting part will fall off, and the electrode wire will be easily pinched off. At this time, the working fluid should be kept at a certain pressure and flow rate, and the corrosives should be discharged in time to prevent the occurrence of broken filaments. When cutting aluminum, copper and other soft materials, especially in the case of relatively thick cutting materials, in order to improve the processing efficiency and surface finish, reduce the phenomenon of broken wire, you can use some special coolant, but also conducive to environmental protection. 1.6 Operating Factors In the high-speed wire-cut WEDM process, there are certain requirements for the operator in order to efficiently process the workpiece that meets the requirements. The operator must correctly understand the technical requirements of the drawings. The working fluid should be replaced in time, maintain a certain degree of cleanliness, and ensure that the upper and lower nozzles are not blocked and the flow rate is appropriate. The electrode wire is calibrated vertically and the workpiece is clamped correctly. Reasonably select the pulse power supply parameters, when the processing is unstable, adjust the frequency feedrate and so on. When switching function keys, do not perform during processing, so as to avoid short circuit caused by poor contact of the switch, or to cause wire burns, as well as broken wires. When the cutting is completed, the cut-off part will fall under the action of gravity, and the electrode wire will be easily pinched off. It can be fixed in time by means of magnet adsorption, clamp plate clamping and the like to avoid broken wires. 2 Conclusion There are many factors that affect the wire breakage in high-speed wire-cut WEDM. The influence of various factors is often interdependent and mutually restrictive. The above analysis and research on some phenomena of high-speed wire-cut WEDM interrupted wire, and put forward corresponding preventive measures, this article is based on long-term work experience and access to a large amount of information summed up, I believe to improve the workpiece surface Quality and precision, improve processing efficiency have a certain reference.

In the process of decoration, we can often see PVC conduits . Now that the usage of PVC conduits is getting higher and higher, many people still don't know the difference between PVC conduits and aluminum conduits. Many times do not know how to choose. Today we introduce the PVC wire tube to everyone, take a look at what PVC wire tube . What is pvc wire tube What is the PCV wire and tube, which is extruded from polyvinyl chloride resin, stabilizer, and lubricant, etc., and is an aluminum-plastic pipe that has been developed and applied as early as possible. Aluminum-plastic wire and pipe is one of the more popular pipes in the market. The market is famous for Nifeng and Kinder. Due to its light weight, durability and easy construction, its flexibility is more suitable for home use. Buy a PVC pipe clip that changes to four points in the wire, and then buy an aluminum plastic change the straight change of the wire, and you can. To the store, they will understand, telling them that PVC needs to be connected to aluminum-plastic wire and pipe. Difference between PVC wire tube and plastic wire tube 1, PVC wire and tube PVC wire pipe (PVC-U pipe) PVC pipe is made of polyvinyl chloride resin and stabilizers, lubricants, etc. After extrusion molding with hot pressing method, it is an aluminum-plastic pipe that has been developed and applied. PVC-U pipes have strong corrosion resistance, are easy to bond, have a low price, and have a hard texture. However, due to PVC-U monomers and additives oozing out, they are only suitable for water supply systems where the delivery temperature does not exceed 45°C. Aluminum-plastic pipes are used for drainage, waste water, chemicals, heating liquids and coolants, foods, ultra-pure liquids, slurries, gases, compressed air and vacuum systems. 2, aluminum plastic wire and pipe Aluminum-plastic wire tubes are one of the more popular tubes on the market. Due to their light weight, durability, and ease of construction, their flexibility is more suitable for use in home furnishings. The inner and outer layers of the aluminum-plastic wire tube are all special polyethylene materials, which are clean, non-toxic and smooth. Can use more than 50 years. The middle aluminum layer can cut off the gas permeability 100%, and make the pipe have the advantages of metal and plastic pipe at the same time, and eliminate their respective shortcomings. The above is the difference between the PVC cable and the PVC cable and the plastic cable. The PVC cable is generally very good compared to the aluminum cable. The material of the PVC wire tube and the aluminum-plastic wire tube is different, and the bend-ability of the aluminum-plastic wire tube is more than that of the PVC wire tube. The price of PVC wire tubes is lower than that of aluminum plastic wire tubes. Because of the price difference, many people will choose to use PVC wire tubes. If you want to know other related information, please continue to pay attention to this site, more exciting so stay tuned!

Recently, the house is going to be renovated, and the building materials market has been turned around. Things don't matter, but there is also a wire and a hard-wired line! Selection difficulties were completely defeated. What should you choose? 1. The difference between soft and hard lines Hard line is a single strand of relatively thick wire, generally labeled as BV, it is a single strand of copper wire, then compared to multiple strands, the hardness will be greater, mechanical strength, small surface area, so its tensile strength Strong, not easy to oxidation, long service life. Compared with short-circuit current, it is easy to form, so it is better to use hard-wired control cabinet. If it is to protect the pipe, it is much more difficult than the cord, and it is more difficult to make the two ends. A cord is a kind of wire that consists of multiple strands and is generally labeled as BVR. It is made of multiple strands of copper wire glue. It is softer than BV, and it has a large surface area and is easily oxidized. If the connection is bad, it is easy to blow, and it is not very resistant to short-circuit currents, and it is difficult to maintain a fixed shape. However, its advantages are also obvious. It is easier to wear pipe protection, and the heat dissipation effect is better than hard line. On the price, the cost of the cord will be higher than the hard line. 2, from the price Multi-stranded cords are obviously labor-intensive, costly, and hard-wired. 3, in the construction analysis Single-stranded hard-wires are prone to problems at the locations of connectors and crimps; the advantages of single-stranded wires are high mechanical strength and tensile strength. Multi-stranded cords are better for wearing tubes when worn; in addition, there are certain advantages in heat dissipation. 4, speaking from the use of Multi-strands have a relatively high ampacity (but they are more tolerant to burst loads), but in general households, the current is basically no more than 100A, and single-stranded can be used. Single-stranded hard-wires are superior to multi-strand cords in terms of oxidation resistance and service life. In particular, if the use of a long time, then the advantages of single-stock is still more obvious. If some of the copper wire is too thin, it is easily oxidized. For households, a multi-strand cord is used for the slotted line pipe, and a single-stranded cable is used for the outdoor or construction site. The soft core's heat dissipation, electrical conductivity, and tensile strength are all advantages. It is easy to break the skin when the tube is pierced with a hard core, and the points and points are in contact with the line. The anti-oxidation performance of hard-line is good, and it takes a long time. However, if the circuit turns too much during construction, multiple strands (soft wires) are better worn. Single line and twisted strands are the same square lines with different loads. Hard line, in addition to a flat, 1.5 square used, more than 2.5 square is not easy to install the line, the larger the single stranded line will be more hard, easy to pull the core and sheath, construction more difficult. Flexible cord construction is simple, saving time and effort.

This article describes the introduction of the pt100 temperature sensor. PT100 is a temperature sensor. It is a platinum wire thermal resistance sensor with good stability and linearity. It can work in the range of -200 °C to 650 °C. Resistive Temperature Detector (RTD) is a kind of resistance made of material material. It changes the resistance value as the temperature rises. If it rises with the temperature, the resistance value also rises, which is called positive resistivity. If it rises with the temperature and the resistance value decreases, it is called the negative resistivity. Most resistive temperature detectors are made of metal. Among them, resistive temperature detectors made of platinum (Pt) are the most stable - acid and alkali resistant, non-deteriorating, fairly linear... most used by industry. The PT100 temperature sensor is a resistive temperature detector made of platinum (Pt), which belongs to the positive resistivity. The relationship between resistance and temperature change is as follows: R = Ro(1 + αT) where α = 0.00392, Ro It is a 100 Ω (resistance value at 0 ° C), T is a temperature range of Celsius, so platinum is a resistive temperature detector, also known as PT100. 1: Vo = 2.55 mA × 100 (1 + 0.00392 T) = 0.255 + T / 1000. 2: When measuring Vo, no current can be separated, otherwise the measured value will be inaccurate. Circuit analysis Because the power supply is more than the general power supply, the power supply is with noise, so we use Zener diode as the voltage regulator part, because of the role of 7.2V Zener diode, make 1K resistor and 5K variable resistor The voltage sum is 6.5V, and the adjustment of the 5K variable resistor determines the emitter (collector) current of the transistor. We must adjust the collector current to 2.55mA, so that the measurement voltage V is 0.255 as indicated by the arrow. +T/1000. Subsequent non-inverting amplifiers, the input resistance is almost infinite, and at the same time amplified 10 times, making the op amp output 2.55 + T / 100. 6V Zener diode role as 7.2V Zener diode, We use it to call up 2.55V, so the output voltage V1 of the voltage follower is also 2.55V. The output of the differential amplifier is then Vo=10(V2-V1)=10(2.55+T/100-2.55)=T/10. If the room temperature is now 25°C, the output voltage is 2.5V.

Air conditioning is now very important in our lives, and the main working part of the air conditioner is the compressor, and the compressor is adjusted according to the air conditioner temperature sensor , so the temperature sensor is crucial. So what are the air conditioning temperature sensors? What is the principle of air conditioning temperature sensor? The following decoration house decoration network Xiaobian will answer for you one by one, I hope everyone can help after reading. What are the air conditioning temperature sensors? 1. Room temperature sensor: It mainly detects the indoor temperature. When the indoor temperature reaches the set requirement, the internal and external machines are controlled. When the cooling is stopped, the external machine stops, and the internal machine continues to run. 2. Indoor tube temperature sensor: It mainly detects the coil temperature of the indoor evaporator, and plays the role of anti-cold wind, anti-overheat protection and temperature automatic control during heating. 3, outdoor defrosting temperature sensor: mainly detects the outdoor condenser coil temperature, when the outdoor coil temperature is lower than-6 degrees Celsius for 2 minutes, the internal machine turns into a defrosting state, when the outdoor coil sensor resistance is too large The indoor unit does not work properly. What is the principle of air conditioning temperature sensor? The temperature sensor used in air conditioning mainly uses a negative temperature coefficient thermistor (also known as NTC thermistor). The temperature sensor is made of a metal oxide such as manganese, cobalt, nickel or copper and is made of a ceramic process. These metal oxide materials all have semiconductor properties because they are completely similar in electrical conductivity to semiconductor materials such as germanium and silicon. When the temperature is low, the number of carriers (electrons and holes) of these oxide materials is small, so the resistance value thereof is high; as the temperature increases, the number of carriers increases, so the resistance value decreases. When the temperature changes, its resistance also changes. When the temperature rises, the resistance value becomes smaller, and the temperature decreases, and the group value increases. For example, the following figure shows the characteristic curve of some tube temperature sensors of a certain brand. What are the air conditioning temperature sensor faults? 1. The resistance value of the indoor ring temperature sensor becomes larger, causing the air conditioner to start frequently. 2. The resistance of the indoor tube temperature sensor becomes smaller, which causes the whole machine to be protected soon after starting. 3, indoor temperature, tube temperature temperature performance changes, causing air conditioning work disorders. 4. The indoor tube temperature change value is 0 Ω, which causes the whole machine to start remotely without reaction. The above is what the air conditioning temperature sensor brings to you? The whole content of the principle of air conditioning temperature sensor, I believe that everyone has a basic understanding of air conditioning temperature sensor after reading this article.

With the development of the medical device market, higher requirements have been placed on its supporting sensors. Sensors that are used more in the medical industry are temperature and pressure sensors. There is still a certain gap between domestically produced medical devices and foreign countries. In addition to differences in manufacturing technology, the performance of sensors is also one aspect. Today's high-end medical devices have high performance requirements for their associated sensors, such as accuracy, reliability, stability and volume. The following is a brief description of the application of pressure sensors in the measurement of body temperature in minimally invasive catheters and ablation procedures and temperature sensors. Modern minimally invasive surgery can not only reduce the trauma of the surgical site, but also greatly reduce the patient's pain, and the recovery process is also very fast. The reason for this requirement is that it is related to various medical monitoring equipment in addition to the experience of doctors. Many medical devices used in this area of surgery are now miniaturized, like various catheters and ablation devices. These catheters include thermodilution catheters, urethral tubes, esophageal catheters, central venous catheters, and intracranial pressure catheters. In addition to their conduction function, the temperature or pressure sensor on the catheter also provides smooth pathology and minimally invasive surgery for patients. Provide important protection. Due to the small size of the wounds created during the catheter and the surgical procedure, it is generally difficult to directly observe the characteristics, but the temperature and pressure parameters are the key parameters for the success of the operation, so it is necessary to rely on the temperature and pressure sensors installed at the front end. These sensors are not only small in size, but also require a high degree of accuracy and reliability, which can have a negative impact on surgery. The traditional medical methods used to measure the patient's body temperature are mercury thermometers, which have the disadvantages of slow response time and low precision. Nowadays, many large hospitals use electronic thermometers. This temperature sensor has short measuring time, high measurement accuracy, convenient reading, and memory function. It has outstanding performance in clinical use. It usually consists of a temperature probe, a signal processing unit, a display screen, and a power supply. The temperature sensing probe is a sensitive component. Generally, one or several high-precision fast-reacting thermistors are selected, which are directly related to the accuracy and response speed of the output temperature; the signal processing unit has two algorithms of heating and prediction. The heating algorithm can quickly shorten the detection time; the prediction algorithm predicts the current body temperature based on the trend of rising body temperature. This temperature sensor can read the body temperature of the human body in the 4S time at the fastest time, which is several orders of magnitude higher than the traditional mercury thermometer. The advantage is quite obvious. It can be seen that the level of medical care is not only related to the doctor's clinical experience, but also depends largely on the various medical testing equipment and equipment installed on the hospital. The parameters of these sensors are taken by the doctor. The mode of treatment plays a leading role.

The normal operation of the temperature sensor element is to meet its operating conditions, one of which is its operating current, because the temperature sensor has a resistance value, when the current flows through the temperature sensor element, there will be power loss, it will heat, so in order to To reduce the temperature error caused by the sensor's own heating, so to meet the normal working conditions of the sensor, to minimize its own heat. This is why the temperature sensor is used under constant, low current conditions. So, for example, the platinum thermal resistance's normal operating current is 5mA, but our recommended operating current is 1MA. The reason is to reduce the measurement error due to self-heating of the temperature sensor element. The current is constant and its output has a linear relationship between temperature and potential. The insertion depth of the temperature sensor is also a problem that is easy to overlook. Some customers require a very short insertion depth but a relatively large diameter. This is unreasonable, especially in the case of high temperatures, which is not desirable. In theory, the temperature sensor is inserted. Depth can generally be determined according to actual needs. However, the minimum insertion depth should not be less than 8-10 times the diameter of the temperature sensor protection sleeve. In order to ensure stable performance of the temperature sensor. For example, the location and insertion depth of the thermocouple can not reflect the true temperature of the furnace, in other words, the thermocouple should not be installed too close to the door and the heating place, the depth of insertion should be at least 8 to 10 times the diameter of the protection tube; The gap between the protective sleeve of the thermocouple and the wall is not filled with heat insulation material, so that the heat in the furnace overflows or the cold air invades. Therefore, the gap between the thermocouple protection tube and the wall hole of the thermocouple is blocked with heat insulating material such as fireproof mud or asbestos rope to avoid cold and heat. Convection of air affects the accuracy of temperature measurement; the thermocouple cold junction is too close to the furnace body to make the temperature exceed 100°C; thermocouples should be installed as far as possible to avoid strong magnetic fields and strong electric fields, so thermocouples and power cables should not be installed in the Within the same conduit to avoid introducing interference caused by errors; thermocouple can not be installed in the area where the measured medium rarely flows. When using a thermocouple to measure the temperature of the gas in the tube, the thermocouple must be installed against the flow velocity and fully in contact with the gas. . Knowing the operating current and insertion depth of the temperature sensor is necessary for us to select and use the temperature sensor. If you ignore these two details, it is easy to cause unstable or even damaged temperature sensor performance.

Wireless sensor is a commonly used detection instrument, which has the advantages of no wiring, easy installation and low energy consumption, and is widely used in many industries. At present, wireless temperature sensors are mainly used in large-scale granaries, drug libraries, and large-scale laboratories. The following editor will introduce specific applications of wireless temperature sensors to everyone. laboratory In some high-tech laboratories, not only the dust-free environment is required, but also the temperature requirements are very precise. If a conventional temperature sensor is used, it also requires labor to operate, and it is often difficult to precisely control it. The use of wireless temperature sensors, pre-set the temperature and humidity range, automatically trigger the refrigerator and ventilation system, you can control the temperature and humidity in the desired range. Drug library The temperature of the drug library also needs to be well-understood, because once the drug is overheated, it will easily deteriorate. If the drug is sold out, it will endanger people's health. At this point, if the use of manpower for temperature control, it will often cause unnecessary waste of resources. With the wireless temperature sensor, temperature and humidity control can be performed for different requirements of the items, without consuming much human resources. Large granary As the food is stored in the process, it will slowly release heat, which leads to a gradual increase in the internal temperature of the grain. If the temperature of the inner layer of grain cannot be known in time, this will bring great losses. If an ordinary temperature sensor is used for temperature measurement at this time, not only a large amount of wiring is required, but also installation is very inconvenient. The use of wireless temperature sensors will save these troubles. The wireless temperature sensor can completely save a lot of manpower, and it does not need to be checked from time to time. If it is connected with the ventilation device, the temperature sensor in the wireless temperature sensor senses the temperature parameter exceeds the preset value. At the time, it will automatically start the corresponding ventilation equipment to cool down. For large-scale grain warehouses, only a small amount of manpower is needed to check the temperature conditions at various locations in the warehouse at any time, which greatly saves manpower costs.

Temperature Sensor Pt100 is a platinum thermal resistance whose resistance changes with temperature . A 100 after PT means that it has a resistance of 100 ohms at 0 ° C and a resistance of about 138.5 ohms at 100 ° C. Due to the relationship between the temperature value of the PT100 thermal resistance and the resistance value, it is convenient to use this characteristic to develop and produce the PT100 thermal resistance temperature sensor. working principle Its working principle: When the PT100 is at 0 degrees Celsius, its resistance is 100 ohms, and its resistance will increase approximately evenly with the temperature rise. But the relationship between them is not a simple proportional relationship, but should be closer to a parabola. The formula for calculating the resistance of platinum resistance as a function of temperature: -200 0≤t<850°C Rt=R0(1+At+Bt2) (2) Rt is the resistance value at t ° C, and R 0 is the resistance value at 0 ° C. The A, B, and coefficient in the formula are experimentally determined. Given the standard DIN IEC751 coefficient: A=3.9083E-3, B=-5.775E-7, C=-4.183E-12 According to the Vedic formula, the conversion formula of Rt ->t whose resistance is greater than or equal to 100 ohms is obtained: 0≤t<850°C t=(sqrt((A*R0)^2-4*B*R0*(R0-Rt))-A*R0)/2/B/R0 The PT100 temperature sensor is a resistive temperature detector made of platinum (Pt), which belongs to the positive resistivity. The relationship between resistance and temperature change is as follows: R = Ro(1 + αT) where α = 0.00392, Ro It is a 100 Ω (resistance value at 0 ° C), T is a temperature range of Celsius, so platinum is a resistive temperature detector, also known as PT100. 1: Vo = 2.55 mA × 100 (1 + 0.00392 T) = 0.255 + T / 1000. 2: When measuring Vo, no current can be separated, otherwise the measured value will be inaccurate. Circuit analysis Because the power supply is more than the general power supply, the power supply is with noise, so we use Zener diode as the voltage regulator part, because of the role of 7.2V Zener diode, make 1K resistor and 5K variable resistor The voltage sum is 6.5V, and the adjustment of the 5K variable resistor determines the emitter (collector) current of the transistor. We must adjust the collector current to 2.55mA, so that the measurement voltage V is 0.255 as indicated by the arrow. +T/1000. Subsequent non-inverting amplifiers, the input resistance is almost infinite, and at the same time amplified 10 times, making the op amp output 2.55 + T / 100. 6V Zener diode role as 7.2V Zener diode, We use it to call up 2.55V, so the output voltage V1 of the voltage follower is also 2.55V. The output of the differential amplifier is then Vo=10(V2-V1)=10(2.55+T/100-2.55)=T/10. If the current room temperature is 25°C, the output voltage is 2.5V. Curve chart PT100/PT1000 platinum resistance RT curve chart Folding index table - 50 degrees 80.31 ohms -40 degrees 84.27 ohms -30 degrees 88.22 ohms -20 degrees 92.16 ohms -10 degrees 96.09 ohms 0 degrees 100.00 ohms 10 degrees 103.90 ohms 20 degrees 107.79 ohms 30 degrees 111.67 ohms 40 degrees 115.54 ohms 50 degrees 119.40 ohms 60 degrees 123.24 ohms 70 degrees 127.08 ohms 80 degrees 130.90 ohms 90 degrees 134.71 ohms 100 degrees 138.51 ohms 110 degrees 142.29 ohms 120 degrees 146.07 ohms 130 degrees 149.83 ohms 140 degrees 153.58 ohms 150 degrees 157.33 ohms 160 degrees 161.05 ohms 170 degrees 164.77 ohms 180 degrees 168.48 ohms 190 degrees 172.17 ohms 200 degrees 175.86 ohms component Common pt100 temperature sensing elements are ceramic components, glass components, mica components, which are processed by a complex process of platinum wire wound around a ceramic skeleton, a glass skeleton, and a mica skeleton. Application range High-precision temperature equipment such as medical, motor, industrial, temperature calculation, and resistance calculation, has a wide range of applications.

Wire-cutting machines nowadays are among the most common types of machines for cutting workpieces. Because of their ease of operation and the fact that the cut workpieces meet the needs of most industrial production, more and more industries Although it is an easy-to-use wire-cutting machine used by businesses, there are many caveats to its operation requirements and some things to be aware of when operating wire-cut machine tools. First, the operation of wire-cutting machine tools must be trained to be on the induction staff, non-operating staff to operate the wire-cutting machine, wire cutting machine in the operation of the workpiece cutting, must be in accordance with operational requirements to operate, non- Designated personnel to use the machine, the other in the use of wire cutting machine workshop or space must have the relevant fire safety measures. Second, the use of wire cutting machine tools, the machine should check the various indicators are normal, to see the various components of the machine are intact, for regular wire cutting machine must be regularly adjusted to the level of the machine regularly to add the appropriate Lubricants and oil and water, and to ensure the cleanliness of wire cutting machine. Third, we must regularly on the cutting machine maintenance and repair, before use on the machine to check the various components of the connection line, to ensure that the connection of each connector solid connection, the only way to ensure the work of wire cutting machine There will be no connection failure. Wire-cutting machine tools in the cutting process needs to use the working fluid, but for the working fluid should be kept clean, to ensure that all the relevant pipe cutting machine are unimpeded. Finally, if necessary, you can set back to the tank or place the foam to filter the working fluid, which can extend the life of wire cutting machine, the working fluid also need to be regularly replaced and cleaned, so as to ensure the cutting effect of wire cutting machine.

NTC Thermistor Features Introduction: NTC thermistors have the functions of temperature measurement, temperature control and temperature compensation. The NTC thermistor is a negative temperature coefficient thermistor that drops with increasing temperature. It has the functions of temperature measurement, temperature control and temperature compensation. In the field of industrial temperature measurement, the application of NTC thermistors is quite extensive. The NTC thermistor has a low price. Compared with a semiconductor integrated temperature sensor, the NTC thermistor has a wide temperature measurement range and is easy to use. Compared with a platinum thermal resistor, the NTC thermistor has a high sensitivity and a simple circuit. The NTC thermistor is available in diameters as small as 0.01 inch or less. The temperature measurement range is from -100°C to 500°C and the sensitivity is -44000ppm/°C (at 25°C).

Thermistors differ from resistance temperature detectors (RTDs) in that the material used in a thermistor is generally a ceramic or polymer, while RTDs use pure metals. The thermistors are in the form of beads, rods and discs but RTDs are in different shapes and sizes. The temperature response is also different; RTDs are useful over larger temperature ranges, while thermistors typically achieve a greater precision within a limited temperature range, typically −90 °C to 130 °C.

TPE stands for Thermoplastic Elastomers. These polymers are also called thermoplastic rubbers. They are a class of copolymers. A copolymer is a polymer made from more than one type of monomers. Most elastomers are thermosets, but TPE is thermoplastic. Therefore, these materials do not need any curing or vulcanization processes, unlike thermoset elastomers. TPE can be stretched repeatedly without any permanent deformation. TPE is a rubber-like material. This material can be easily processed via thermoplastic technologies such as injection moulding, extrusion, etc. TPE is made by adding suitable components such as oil, fillers to a soft rubber material. These components are known as additives.TPU stands for Thermoplastic Polyurethane. It is a type of thermoplastic elastomer. Hence, it is elastic and melt-processable. It has many favorable properties such as elasticity, transparency, resistance towards oils and abrasion resistance. TPU is a form of block copolymer (contains soft and hard segments). TPU can be colored through a number of processes, and it is also extremely flexible. This is mainly due to the composition of hard and soft segments. The hard parts are either aromatic or aliphatic. They are generally aromatic, but the aliphatic hard segments are preferable when the color and clarity retention in exposure to sunlight is more important. Similarities between TPE and TPU - Both are thermoplastic polymer materials. - Both are types of elastomers. - Both are temperature sensitive. Difference between TPE and TPU - Harness: TPE is soft and feels more delicate, while TPU products feel rougher with strong friction. - Abrasion Resistance: TPE has a moderate abrasion resistance. TPU has high abrasion resistance. Comparative Table